March is National Nutrition Month! In recognition, the US Food & Drug
Administration (FDA) provides tools and guidelines to help you make healthy
food choices. These guidelines focus on two primary recommendations for
staying healthy—read labels and use the MyPlate guide to plan meals.
Read labels.
Start your health journey by reading nutrition labels on packaged foods
and drinks. These facts guide food choices that are higher in dietary
fiber, vitamin D, calcium, iron, and potassium and lower in saturated
fats, sodium and added sugars.
At the top of the label are the number of servings and serving size. Directly
below is the number of calories per serving size. One complements the other.
Look next for total fat, broken down by types of fats. Check cholesterol
and sodium amounts, along with total carbohydrate count that includes
dietary fat and sugars.
The FDA requires that labels specifically list vitamin D, potassium, calcium
and iron, as Americans often consume less than recommended of those nutrients.
Diets higher in vitamin D and calcium can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
Potassium helps lower blood pressure, and iron reduces risk of anemia.
Plan with MyPlate.
Nutritional facts labels combined with the MyPlate Plan help you monitor
calories and nutrients in food and drink choices. MyPlate recommends daily
portions of the five basic food groups—vegetables, fruits, grains,
protein and dairy.
Fruit and vegetable choices
Half of the color-coded MyPlate consists of fruits and vegetables, which
can be fresh, frozen, canned in water, dried or 100% fruit and vegetable
juices. Most of the recommended intake should come from whole fruits and
vegetables rather than juice.
Among the health benefits of fruits are:
- Lower risks for hypertension, cholesterol level, heart disease and certain cancers;
- Boosted immunity;
- Tissue growth and repair;
- Helps heal cuts and wounds;
- Healthy teeth and gums.
Vegetables also help:
- Keep eyes and skin healthy;
- Body absorb iron more easily.
Whole and refined grains
Grains take up more than one-fourth of daily food choices. There are two
kinds of grains—whole and refined. At least half of the grains you
eat should be whole grains such as whole-wheat flour, cracked wheat, oatmeal,
quinoa and brown rice.
Refined grains are milled and processed to remove the bran and germ. Processing
also removes healthy dietary fiber, iron and B vitamins. White flour,
grits, white bread, rice and other refined grains labeled as "enriched"
have iron and B vitamins added in again.
Health benefits of whole grains include:
- Helps lower cholesterol level and risk of heart disease;
- Supports healthy digestion and bowel function;
- Boosts metabolism and healthy nervous system;
- Helps prevent iron-deficiency anemia;
- Helps weight management.
Protein food group
Less than one-fourth of your meal should consist of protein—fish,
seafood, meat, poultry, eggs, nuts, seeds and soy products. Bean, peas
and lentils cross over as both proteins and vegetables.
Choose lean, low-fat meats and poultry, along with fish and seafood such
as salmon, trout and crawfish that are higher in omega-3 fatty acids and
lower in mercury counts.
Healthy protein options benefit your body by:
- Building bones, muscles, cartilage, skin and tissue;
- Forming red blood cells;
- Producing iron to prevent anemia;
- Supporting immune system;
- Reducing risks for heart disease.
Dairy options
About 90% of Americans do not consume enough dairy products such as milk,
cheese and yogurt. As you know, milk builds strong bones and teeth. Calcium
and vitamin D in dairy are vital nutrients for all ages but especially
important in children for building bone mass and for older people to prevent
osteoporosis.
The most benefits come from fat-free or low-fat dairy. Plant-based "milks"
contain some calcium but lack the nutritional content of dairy milk. People
who can't tolerate dairy can get calcium from calcium-fortified juices,
rice, soy and almond milks.
Customize your plan.
Before making major changes to your health and wellness regimen, talk first
with your health care provider. Thibodaux Regional Wellness Education
Center also offers nutrition services to help you plan lifestyle changes.
You can customize the MyPlate Plan at
https://www.myplate.gov/myplate-plan. The personalized food plan helps you determine how many calories you need
daily to reach a recommended weight or maintain your current weight.
For more information health and wellness services, contact Thibodaux Regional
Wellness Education Center, 985.493.4765.