Understanding what a stroke is, warning signs, and how to reduce risks
of having a stroke can save your life. Knowing symptoms, seeking early
treatment, and mitigating risk can reduce lingering side effects of a stroke.
What is a stroke?
Stroke occurs in the brain when there is sudden bleeding or a clot blocks
blood supply. Stroke is the 4th leading cause of death in the U.S.
Three types of stroke deprive brain cells of oxygen and can lead to damage,
disability or death.
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Ischemic stroke—caused by a clot obstructing blood flow to the brain
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Hemorrhagic stroke—caused by a ruptured blood vessel, preventing blood flow
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Transient ischemic attack (TIA)—commonly called a "mini stroke," caused by a temporary clot that
resolves before permanent brain damage
Stroke risk increases with age, however stroke can occur at any age. Rates
of stroke are increasing in young people worldwide.
What are the warning signs?
Learn the B.E.F.A.S.T. warning signs of stroke to save your life or the
life of someone else.
Balance: Sudden loss of balance or coordination
Eyes: Sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes
Face drooping: One side of the face droops or goes numb.
Arm weakness: One arm goes weak, numb or drifts down when raised.
Speech difficulty: Slurred speech or inability to speak.
Time to call 911 immediately: Stroke is an emergency; every minute counts. Don't drive yourself or
call a friend.
CALL 911. If possible, note the time symptoms first appear so doctors can determine
treatment options.
Additional warning signs eye or vision changes, sudden numbness on one
side of the body, confusion, vertigo, severe nausea, or severe headache.
How do you reduce stroke risk?
80% of strokes are due to preventable risk factors, often managed through
diet and lifestyle changes.
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Stay active. Physically activity helps prevent high blood pressure, a major risk factor
for stroke. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend 150 minutes
of moderate-intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity weekly.
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Limit sodium. High sodium diets can lead to high blood pressure. Read labels as processed
and packaged foods are usually high in sodium. Shift from eating out to
cooking regularly at home. Substitute natural spices such as paprika,
cinnamon, turmeric, ginger and cumin, along with fresh herbs and garlic for salt.
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Eat more fiber and fish. A high-fiber diet helps protect against high blood pressure, cholesterol
and insulin sensitivity, all linked to stroke. Fill half your plate at
meals with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans and lentils. Add at
least two servings weekly of fatty fish—salmon, mackerel, anchovies,
sardines, herring—to protect against stroke.
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Limit alcohol. Moderation is key—maximum of one drink a day for women, two for men.
Manage stress. Reduce stress by being mindful in your daily activities. Mediate, practice
yoga, take nature walks, get plenty of sleep, stop doom scrolling.
Talk with your doctor about maintaining a healthier lifestyle and reducing
stroke risks. For more information contact Thibodaux Regional Neurology
Clinic, 985.493.3090.